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Neurodefender: Video Games and Epilepsy

My first video game console was an Atari 2600 that my sister and I received for Christmas when I was eight.¹ It was magical to toggle the switchbox and have an arcade on my television screen. Within a few months, I had a collection of cartridges. Pitfall, Pac-Man, Donkey Kong. I even had that horrible E.T. game. But Space Invaders was my favorite game, and my mother’s boss and I had a friendly competition every time we visited his family.

I usually won.

As I got older, I became very interested in computers. My first computer was a Mattel (yes, that Mattel) Aquarius, one of the shortest-lived computers ever to go to market. It had a Tron game that I played constantly, even though I had never seen the movie. But it was the ability to program on the Aquarius that got me hooked and, for a long time, my world revolved around computers and my gaming followed suit.

My first online games were on a computer. That was back before there were high-powered consoles connected to the internet. I’m talking the days of dial-up modems. I would spend hours playing an air combat game with a classmate, but I was obsessed with the text-based fantasy role playing game Gemstone on GEnie, an early online service. It was a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) that connected people across the country in a virtual world. Eventually, I moved on to more graphical games like the World of Warcraft, but the ability to connect with other people in these worlds was life-changing and even turned into friendships in the real world. One of my groomsmen at my wedding was someone whom I had originally met in an online game.

My son developed a love for video games at an early age. We had a Wii and loved to play baseball and, especially, bowling. I have videos of him running circles around the house after getting a strike, a huge smile on his face emitting an excited giggle.

As he got older, we began to play video games together, especially sport games like hockey. We’d adjust the settings to give him an edge, and I’d occasionally have to pull my goalie and allow him to score to keep the game close, but it was a fun way to spend time together doing something that we both enjoyed.

Eventually, of course, I stopped pulling my goalie and boosting his settings because he got better. Today, he wins more games than me. The grasshopper has become the teacher. And we’ve expanded to other games. We finished the Halo series, one of my all-time favorites. We played MarioKart every night during the pandemic to get three stars on every course. Today, we play Fortnite and Rocket League together, with an occasional session of Minecraft mixed in.

But I’m not the only one he plays with. This era of powerful PCs and consoles with fast internet has opened up the world and allowed him to play with his friends. He has a friend in Connecticut who plays a baseball video game with him. And he hops on Fortnite after school to play with a few of his friends. Through them, he’s met other friends and he has a little network of gamers. Especially over the summer, it’s helped him stay connected as many families travel and it’s been harder to connect with summer schedules.

In this world of gamers streaming on platforms like Twitch, he has decided that it is the career he wants to pursue. Whether or not that is a viable path for him, it has been a great way for him to explore many aspects of a traditional career: schedules, consistency, marketing, and engagement. He learns by watching other streamers and then practices engaging with his audience, describing his actions and thought process as he navigates a challenge. He loves to teach the “noobs”² how to get started and basic tactics and tips.

As a technologist and a gamer, it’s been fascinating to see how far gaming technology has come. For my son, it’s become a way to connect, express himself, and find his place in a world that hasn’t always made that easy. Watching him game, teach, laugh, and grow through this medium is beyond anything I could have imagined.

If you want to see what he’s building—and maybe learn a thing or two yourself—you can check out his Twitch stream here: @neurodefender.

Game on.

Crazy side note, when the Atari 2600 was introduced, it cost $190, equivalent to paying $990 in 2024! ↩︎
Slang for a newbie—someone who is inexperienced or new to a particular activity, especially in gaming or online communities. ↩︎

Together, in His World

I stood behind my son in a deep cave. A torch on the wall behind us was the only light, casting our long shadows down the tunnel ahead.

“What are we looking for?” I asked.

“Diamonds,” he said.

We continued forward, using our pickaxes to clear the stone blocks in our path. The deeper we went, the darker it became. Occasionally, we’d hit pockets of lava or veins of redstone. I mostly followed his lead—he knew where to dig, where to place torches, when to mine, and when to run.

Then I saw movement ahead. I hung a torch on the wall and, when it ignited, I saw a very large spider walking toward us.

“I hate spiders,” I sighed.

My son didn’t hesitate. He didn’t flinch. While I stayed back, cautious and reluctant, he moved forward.

That’s how it’s always been. In these games, in these worlds, he becomes someone else—bold, decisive, brave. He leads with purpose, unburdened by the hesitation that sometimes follows him in the real world.

I raised my head to see him at his computer, locked in, defeating the red-eyed monster. With the path clear, I looked back down at my iPad, and we pressed on in our quest.

It had been a while since we had played in the same physical space. Lately, he’s been focusing on his streaming “career,” diligently trying to build an audience on Twitch. He’ll come home from school, finish his homework and chores, head to his room, and close the door.

I’ll watch his stream. Sometimes he plays with friends. Sometimes alone. Sometimes we play together—but two floors apart, connected only by FaceTime or in-game audio. It’s something, but it’s not the same.

Today was different.

Minecraft is one of the few games where he takes the lead. He’s the expert—he builds the world, sets the rules, and guides the mission. He lights up when he shows me what he’s made—a house with hidden doors, a rollercoaster that goes through a mountain, or a massive Captain America shield reaching impossibly high into the sky.

In the real world, everything takes extra energy. Every day is a challenge that he doesn’t always show. The constant pressure to keep up, to interpret unwritten rules, to manage the invisible toll of his condition—most people wouldn’t notice it, but it’s there. And it wears on him. But in these digital spaces, he’s free. Confident. In control.

Sitting beside him, I kept glancing up from my screen. I saw how invested he was in keeping me alive, on task, and included. He was unusually chatty, explaining our next steps. His voice was proud. His posture relaxed. He was happy.

And I was, too.

We’ve been in a bit of a rut lately—living in separate spaces, our lives occasionally overlapping. I’ve caught myself worrying that the distance is permanent. That the doors he closes might stay that way. It’s easy to panic when that happens. To think it’ll take something big to bring us back together.

And maybe that fear comes from knowing what distance can become.

Because that’s what happened to me. I hid in my room, hands on a keyboard, eyes on a screen, building worlds in code. I created that distance—between me and my parents, who didn’t understand me, and my sister, who didn’t want to be around me. In my room, and in that world, it was easier. I was safe. And no one did anything to change it. So the distance became permanent.

But today reminded me: sometimes it only takes a moment. A small step into his world. A little curiosity. A shared screen. A diamond hunt.

Not to fix everything, but to find each other again.

Here We Go Again

Here we go again
Same old stuff again
Marching down the avenue
Six more weeks and we’ll be through
I’ll be glad and so will you
U.S. Army Marching and Running Cadence

I was never much of a runner. I had the look of one. Tall and skinny, with long legs that should have made running easier. I was even a fast sprinter. But anything longer than the size of a football field, and my brain would scream at every one of my moving parts to stop.

Imagine how much fun I had when I joined the army, where nearly everything involved…you guessed it…running. We’d wake up early every morning, head downstairs, and fall into formation. Our drill sergeant and his team would stand in front, bark out a few orders, and then my fellow soldiers and I would turn and follow our leaders, matching the rhythm of our steps to theirs, for however many miles we’d run that day.

A few minutes into the run, one of the sergeants would begin calling out a cadence. Military cadences are rhythmic chants used during marches and runs to maintain a consistent pace, foster teamwork, and boost morale. They help synchronize movements, improve endurance, and build unit cohesion.

They were magic. They kept me focused on the rhythmic call and response rather than the fact that I hated running, that my lungs and legs hurt, and that I should stop. Because I couldn’t stop. I couldn’t let my squad down. I couldn’t let myself down. I had to push through.

One of the cadences, “Here We Go Again,” summed up basic training perfectly: the same grueling routine, day after day. Wake. Run. Eat. March. Train. Eat. March. Train. Eat. Chores. Bed. Every day, for 8 weeks, the same thing.

Anytime I find myself repeating a pattern, especially a challenging one, I think of those early morning runs. I think of that need to push through, to not let my squad and myself down.

Here we go again
Same old stuff again

We’re approaching one of those times. Toward the end of the school year, our son is always exhausted. He’ll have a harder time waking up in the morning and randomly fall asleep in the afternoon. Around the same time, baseball, one of the few non-school activities he still enjoys, starts demanding more energy and mental bandwidth. We also start figuring out what the following school year will look like, scheduling IEP meetings, and talking with his school and the district about our son’s challenges, needs, and potential. It’s mentally, physically, and emotionally draining on the entire family.

Six more weeks and we’ll be through.

Six more weeks until the school year ends. Six more weeks to push through. Six more weeks of having a routine, structure, and certainty. Six more weeks until the story that has been written ends, and there are only blank pages unless we can write down a new plan before then.

It’s exhausting. It’s like those basic training marathon runs, where somehow we’d run in a circle but only be running uphill, defying physics, logic, and any sense of fairness. It tests our endurance and commitment. Parts of my brain are screaming to just stop.

But we can’t stop. We can’t let our son down. We can’t let ourselves down. We have to keep going. We have to fill those pages with a plan for the next year, until we find ourselves again six weeks from the end of the school year with the same cadence echoing in my head.

Here we go again.

Same old stuff again.